使用容器部署nextcloud

## 使用fpm的方式部署
### 申请域名并配置好A记录
先申请一个域名，并且将A记录解析到需要部属的机器IP。
这里以`pan.yinzihao.com`为例

### 使用docker-compose部署服务
首先在目录下创建这些文件，创建nextcloud文件夹

![](/static/upload/202111/file_1637160161000_32.png)
run.sh
```
nohup bash /home/loop.sh &
/entrypoint.sh php-fpm
```
loop.sh
```
apt update
apt install smbclient -y
apt install sudo procps -y
while :
do
   echo will run cron
   sudo -u www-data php -d memory_limit=512M -f /var/www/html/cron.php
   sleep 600
done
```

注意：随着nextcloud的镜像不断更新，sources.list要同步更新。
如果不在意速度，注释掉docker-compose.yml中的：`- ./sources.list:/etc/apt/sources.list`
sources.list
```
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye main
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye main

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bullseye-security main

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates main
```

docker-compose.yaml
```
version: '2'

services:
  app:
    container_name: nextcloud
    image: nextcloud:25.0.4-fpm
    command: bash -c "bash /home/run.sh"
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./nextcloud/custom_apps:/var/www/html/custom_apps
      - ./nextcloud/config:/var/www/html/config
      - ./nextcloud/data:/var/www/html/data
      - ./nextcloud/apps:/var/www/html/apps
      - ./loop.sh:/home/loop.sh
      - ./run.sh:/home/run.sh
      - ./sources.list:/etc/apt/sources.list
    environment:
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_HOST=db

web:
    image: nginx
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8199:80
      - 8200:443
    links:
      - app
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
    volumes_from:
      - app
  redis:
    image: redis
    restart: always
    links:
      - app
```

nginx.conf
注意：在nginx_https.conf中，将`pan.yinzihao.com` 替换成自己的域名
```
worker_processes auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  65;

set_real_ip_from  10.0.0.0/8;
    set_real_ip_from  172.16.0.0/12;
    set_real_ip_from  192.168.0.0/16;
    real_ip_header    X-Real-IP;

#gzip  on;

upstream php-handler {
        server app:9000;
    }

server {
        listen 80;
        server_name pan.yinzihao.com;

# Add headers to serve security related headers
        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
        # topic first.
        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
        #
        # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
        # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
        # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
        # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
        # could take several months.
        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
        add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
        add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;

# Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

# Path to the root of your installation
        root /var/www/html;

location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }

# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;

# The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;

location = /.well-known/carddav {
            return 301 $scheme://$http_host/remote.php/dav;
        }

location = /.well-known/caldav {
            return 301 $scheme://$http_host/remote.php/dav;
        }

# set max upload size
        client_max_body_size 10G;
        fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
        gzip on;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_comp_level 4;
        gzip_min_length 256;
        gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
        gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
        # This module is currently not supported.
        #pagespeed off;

location / {
            rewrite ^ /index.php;
        }

location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
            deny all;
        }
        location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
            deny all;
        }

location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
            set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
            try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;

# Avoid sending the security headers twice
            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;

# Enable pretty urls
            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
            fastcgi_pass php-handler;
            fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
            fastcgi_request_buffering off;
        }

location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
            try_files $uri/ =404;
            index index.php;
        }

# Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
        location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
            # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
            # this topic first.
            #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
            #
            # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
            # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
            # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
            # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
            # could take several months.
            add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
            add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
            add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
            add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
            add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;

# Optional: Don't log access to assets
            access_log off;
        }

location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
            access_log off;
        }
    }
```

然后，运行
```
docker-compose up -d
```
此时，`http://ip:8199`端口已经运行了服务。进入服务，一路按提示配置。
数据库使用sqlite即可，个人用户推荐使用，运维方便。完美。

## 添加域名
目前nextcloud在内网已经可以使用了。为了能在外网使用，我使用了两层nginx，里层的用做nextcloud的运行时，外层的用做所有服务的反向代理（网关）。
```
nginx-> nginx(nextcloud)
     -> 其它服务
```
外层的nginx是使用nginx manager部署的。打开nginx manager：
添加转发解析，域名用自己买的域名，注意要和nginx.conf中的匹配：
![](/static/upload/202303/file_1679563394000_38.png)

并在ssl tab中申请证书。

## 修改配置
为了更好的使用，需要在安装成功后，在config/config.php中添加下面几行：
```
 'overwriteprotocol' => 'https', # 避免在https下出现重定向问题。
 'appstoreenabled' => true, # 这是为了免科学上网装插件
 'appstoreurl' => 'https://www.orcy.net/ncapps/v1/',
```

## 升级
备份原来的文件夹：
```
tar czf nextcloud.tar.gz /home/nextcloud
```

停止容器
```
docker-compose stop
```
修改docker-compose.yml中的app配置中的镜像为新版
```
docker-compose up -d
```
此时，登录首页，按页面提示操作

## 常用操作
### 替换源使容器可以`apt update`
容器内如果不能执行`apt update`，替换163的源
```
sed -i 's#http://deb.debian.org#https://mirrors.163.com#g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i 's#http://security.debian.org#https://mirrors.163.com#g' /etc/apt/sources.list
```
### 安装ocdownloader插件
这个插件非常特殊，安装完后，并不能使用，需要在容器内安装需要的组件。
具体见：https://github.com/e-alfred/ocdownloader

命令：
```bash
apt update
apt-get install aria2 curl sudo -y

mkdir /var/log/aria2c /var/local/aria2c
touch /var/log/aria2c/aria2c.log
touch /var/local/aria2c/aria2c.sess
chown www-data.www-data -R /var/log/aria2c /var/local/aria2c
chmod 770 -R /var/log/aria2c /var/local/aria2c
sudo -u www-data aria2c --enable-rpc --rpc-allow-origin-all -c -D --log=/var/log/aria2c/aria2c.log --check-certificate=false --save-session=/var/local/aria2c/aria2c.sess --save-session-interval=2 --continue=true --input-file=/var/local/aria2c/aria2c.sess --rpc-save-upload-metadata=true --force-save=true --log-level=warn --rpc-listen-all=false
```

### 清理回收站
```
sudo -u www-data php occ trashbin:cleanup --all-users
```

来自大脸猪写于 2020-02-20 17:44 -- 更新于2023-11-11 13:34 -- 0 条评论

大猪 & 大兔

使用容器部署nextcloud

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