使用容器部署nextcloud

## 使用fpm的方式部署
### 使用docker-compose部署服务
docker-compose.yaml
```
version: '2'

services:
  app:
    container_name: nextcloud
    image: docker.superpig.win/library/nextcloud:30.0-fpm
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./nextcloud/custom_apps:/var/www/html/custom_apps
      - ./nextcloud/config:/var/www/html/config
      - ./nextcloud/data:/var/www/html/data
      - ./nextcloud/apps:/var/www/html/apps

environment:
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_HOST=db

web:
    image: nginx
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8199:80
    links:
      - app
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    volumes_from:
      - app
  redis:
    image: redis
    restart: always
    links:
      - app
```

nginx.conf
```
user  www-data;

# Version 2024-07-17
events {
    worker_connections 768;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  65;

set_real_ip_from  10.0.0.0/8;
    set_real_ip_from  172.16.0.0/12;
    set_real_ip_from  192.168.0.0/16;
    real_ip_header    X-Real-IP;

#gzip  on;

upstream php-handler {
        server app:9000;
        #server unix:/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
    }
    
    # Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
    map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
        "" "";
        default ", immutable";
    }
    
    
    server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        # With NGinx >= 1.25.1 you should use this instead:
        # listen 443      ssl;
        # listen [::]:443 ssl;
        # http2 on;
        # server_name cloud.example.com;
    
        # Path to the root of your installation
        root /var/www/html;
    
        # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
        # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
        #ssl_certificate     /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
        #ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;
    
        # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
        server_tokens off;
    
        # HSTS settings
        # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
        # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
        # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
        # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
        # could take several months.
        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
    
        # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
        client_max_body_size 512M;
        client_body_timeout 300s;
        fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
    
        # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
        gzip on;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_comp_level 4;
        gzip_min_length 256;
        gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
        gzip_types application/atom+xml text/javascript application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
    
        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
        #pagespeed off;
    
        # The settings allows you to optimize the HTTP2 bandwidth.
        # See https://blog.cloudflare.com/delivering-http-2-upload-speed-improvements/
        # for tuning hints
        client_body_buffer_size 512k;
    
        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
        add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
        add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
        add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection                  "1; mode=block"     always;
    
        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
    
        # Set .mjs and .wasm MIME types
        # Either include it in the default mime.types list
        # and include that list explicitly or add the file extension
        # only for Nextcloud like below:
        include mime.types;
        types {
            text/javascript mjs;
        application/wasm wasm;
        }
    
        # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
        # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
        # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
        # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
        # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
        # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
        # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
        # `/updater`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
        # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
        # always provides the desired behaviour.
        index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
    
        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
        location = / {
            if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
                return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
            }
        }
    
        location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }
    
        # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
        # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
        # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
        # for `/.well-known`.
        location ^~ /.well-known {
            # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
            # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
    
            location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
            location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
    
            location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
            location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
    
            # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
            # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
            return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
        }
    
        # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
    
        # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
        # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
        # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
        # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
            # Required for legacy support
            rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|ocs-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode(_arm64)?\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
    
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
            set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
    
            try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
    
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
    
            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
            fastcgi_pass php-handler;
    
            fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
            fastcgi_request_buffering off;
    
            fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
        }
    
        # Serve static files
        location ~ \.(?:css|js|mjs|svg|gif|ico|jpg|png|webp|wasm|tflite|map|ogg|flac)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
            add_header Cache-Control                     "public, max-age=15778463$asset_immutable";
            add_header Referrer-Policy                   "no-referrer"       always;
            add_header X-Content-Type-Options            "nosniff"           always;
            add_header X-Frame-Options                   "SAMEORIGIN"        always;
            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"              always;
            add_header X-Robots-Tag                      "noindex, nofollow" always;
            add_header X-XSS-Protection                  "1; mode=block"     always;
            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
        }
    
        location ~ \.(otf|woff2?)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
        }
    
        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
        location /remote {
            return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
        }
    
        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
        }
    }
}
```

然后，运行
```
docker-compose up -d
```
此时，`http://ip:8199`端口已经运行了服务。进入服务，一路按提示配置。
数据库使用sqlite即可，个人用户推荐使用，运维方便，完美。

## 添加反向代理
目前nextcloud在内网已经可以使用了。为了能在外网使用，我使用了两层nginx，里层的用做nextcloud的运行时，外层的用做所有服务的反向代理（网关）。
```
nginx -> nginx(docker-compose用来运行nextcloud)
```

### 申请域名并配置好A记录
先申请一个域名，并且将A记录解析到需要部属的机器IP。

### 修改配置
外层的nginx是使用nginx manager部署的。打开nginx manager：
添加转发解析：
![](/data/upload/202303/file_1679563394000_38.png)
并在ssl tab中申请证书。

## 修改配置
为了更好的使用，需要在安装成功后，在config/config.php中添加下面几行：
```
 'overwriteprotocol' => 'https', # 避免在https下出现重定向问题。
 'appstoreenabled' => true, # 这是为了免科学上网装插件
 'appstoreurl' => 'https://www.orcy.net/ncapps/v1/',
```

## 升级
备份原来的文件夹：
```
tar czf nextcloud.tar.gz /home/nextcloud
```

停止容器
```
docker-compose stop
```
修改docker-compose.yml中的app配置中的镜像为新版，注意不能跨版本升级
```
docker-compose up -d
```
此时，登录首页，按页面提示操作。如果网页更新被禁用，在容器内执行命令：
```bash
docker exec -t --user www-data nextcloud php occ upgrade
docker exec -t --user www-data nextcloud php occ app:update --all
docker exec -t --user www-data nextcloud php occ db:add-missing-indices
docker exec -t --user www-data nextcloud php occ db:convert-filecache-bigint --no-interaction
```

## 常用操作
注意以用户：`www-data`执行命令
### 刷新文件
```
docker exec -it --user www-data nextcloud php occ files:scan USERNAME --path='/paths'
```

### 替换源使容器可以`apt update`
容器内如果不能执行`apt update`，替换163的源
```
sed -i 's#http://deb.debian.org#https://mirrors.163.com#g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i 's#http://security.debian.org#https://mirrors.163.com#g' /etc/apt/sources.list
```

### 清理回收站
```
docker exec -it --user www-data nextcloud php occ trashbin:cleanup --all-users
```

来自大脸猪写于 2020-02-20 17:44 -- 更新于2025-09-30 17:49 -- 0 条评论

大猪 & 大兔

使用容器部署nextcloud

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